Pese a no existir una legislación on this matter, there are some guidelines for proper preservation of archaeological remains after excavation and documentation, for a future museological and value. Conservatives and technicians the Directorate-General has called for these guidelines in many other sites in our region, which has acted to protect its contents. The paper concludes with specific examples illustrate asjuntamos even a fragment of a decree of the Junta de Andalucía concerning this subject, as an example of support for the Act to these guidelines.
For good practice in the protection measures of a site, the remains should be protected by a sheet geotextile placed directly on the surface to be protected, a layer of sand sterile, washed sand or sand quarry of at least 20 centimeters in direct contact with this sheet of geotextile, and finally, a layer of gravel, to retain the sand layer. This ensures good drainage system.
The reasons why the use of this sand layer is highly recommended and necessary are:
1. The sand "molds" to shape the structures so that these are fully wrapped and protected without undue coercion. It also represents a layer "padded" in order to protect the rear shock and / or pressure.
2. Sand NOT BREAK THE GEOTEXTILE, gravel itself (angled), and also affect the structures leaving marks. In the case of the archaeological site of San Esteban (which appear in the photograph attached) gravels are of a thickness exceeding 20 mm and is not boulders, and thus has sharp edges defendants and harmful to the reservoir.
3. The gravel, leaving large spaces, not avoiding stagnation of water, so the problem persists before the storms and floods. The sand also promotes the absorption of water from the geotextile that is directly in contact with the remains, if not, the water just disappears into the costly process of evaporation, while leaving small puddles on the geotextile.
4. In the case of San Esteban, in the absence of the recommended layer of sand, gravels have been throwing about the site from a height above the meter, so it is easy to imagine the effect of a cascade of angular gravel and heavy on delicate limestone floors and walls of adobe.
5. When removing the protective layer, the layer of sand makes the process infinitely less expensive in time and money. The gravel can be removed in a natural way without fear of damaging the remains, while the sand comes out alone to remove the geotextile.
If the aim is a temporary protection in the face of a future draft musealization and excavation do not understand this kind of protection that the remains buried under layers of gravel only, not easily removed without damaging the site and do not guarantee its defense against long action in time of rain.
CONTRADICTIONS:
Ujaldón interview in which the college of architects say what to do in St. Stephen. There is an important phrase "It's protected with geotextile and sand parts
already completed, finish digging and protect those who are medium and
not act on that have not been initiated, as the best means of protection"
http://cccpmurcia.blogspot.com/2010_01_01_archive.html
"The experts ruled cover the site with geotextile, sand and gravel , as advised by the technicians of Fine Arts," it would be a hiatus for recovery and to ultimately hurt conservation "as well would be "much more expensive and slow" , as he said the commission spokesman, Antonio Malpica, Professor of Medieval Archaeology at the University of Granada "
http://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/murcia/2010/01 / 12/expertos-impiden-cubra-arena-san-esteban/222767.html
Ujaldón:
To avoid this geotextile - Widely used in archeology but also in construction - to adhere to the pavement, will spread a thin layer of washed river sand mixed with herbicide . Http://www.lukor.com/ciencia/noticias/portada/09121814.htm
EXAMPLES OF PROTECTION GEOTEXTILE, sand and gravel:
Alhama:
"We place a synthetic fabric (geotextile) that bypasses root and allow perspiration. On this tissue apply a layer of washed sand and pressed with fungicide to prevent the spread of plants "
http://datos.alhamademurcia.es/descargas/PROYECTO% 20POBLADO.pdf 20PALERAS%
Avila:
"Finally, after completing the excavation process and have made the different
documentation: photography, mapping, surveying, well Notebook
excavation proceeds to the covering of the remains found by a layer
geotextile on which are placed about 20 cm
. washed sand. In those areas where there are tile floors
increases the level of sand to avoid disruptions and to remain in good condition
until the next Campaign
http://villaromana.diputacionavila.es/
Murcia:
http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/servlet/SirveObras/01364065431281619843679/024280_0025.pdf
successfully completed many examples within the archeology of this region, where heritage has been protected by geotextile and sand ( Roman mosaics in Mazarrón, Teatro de Cartagena, Canvas wall of the square found Romea Excavations in the Path of Granada, and a very long and so on. ).
Decree 57/2010 of 2 March, which falls within the general catalog of the Andalusian heritage as a Site of Cultural Interest, with the type of archaeological site:
9.3. Preventive measures for the conservation of the recovered assets will initially be the following: Covering
by geotextile clean sand and gravel of the archaeological structures. Given its characteristics and the basis of forecasts to be determined against them, other materials may be used if it is deemed appropriate for preservation, as the homeland of the excavation. Covering
archaeological structures with geotextile and protection of archeological cuts planks of wood or other material that will ensure conservation without burial. Http://www.derecho.com/l/boja/decreto-57-2010-2-marzo-inscribe-catalogo-general-patrimonio-historico-andaluz-bien-interes-cultural-tipologia-zona-arqueologica-zona
-bounded-term-municipal-Valencina-concepcion-Castillejo-guzman-sevilla / # C2
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